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Archaeology is the scientific study of the remains of a culture. Most of these remains lie buried in the soil. They include abandoned communities, graves, and garbage dumps. Sometimes a natural disaster such as a volcano or a flood will cover a site which can be uncovered later.
Scientists carefully study the terrain to find likely sites. Then they dig, carefully removing the soil, and even sifting it so even small remains can be studied. Sometimes all that remains of an artifact is a hole that it occupies. If the hole is carefully filled with plaster the shape of the artifact can be preserved. Shattered pots can be reconstructed. A map of the site documents the location of all objects found.
Dates of objects can be determined by the style of the object, the level of its recovery in the soil, and its proximity to other objects. Tree rings can be counted and used to reconstruct weather patterns. Chemical analysis and atomic radiation dating can also be used.
A written record can be confirmed or dis-confirmed with archaeology. In the case of the Trojan war, evidence of a battle exists, but the date of the remains differ by some 20 years from the written record.
Question: I writing an essay for my world archaeology class and I choose the topic of women in the classical world , it sounds like an essay to do essay but I have to have archaeological evidence in the essay.
Answer: You may need to reduce your topic because it is so large. The Greeks produced a profusion of artifacts. And they did not ignore illustrations of women. In fact the images of women in society on pottery are plentiful. You might want to study images of women shopping. Because ancient Greek women were supposed to stay home there are supposed to be no such images. But I doubt it. It is hard to believe that ancient Greek women left shopping entirely to their husbands. You could start by looking at greek pottery in general and see what you can find. Look at the page Click here for example. You have to be careful to study the pictures to see what the women are doing. Some conclusions can be drawn about ancient Greek Women from these images. The range of dates of the pots are fairly narrow and so you really focus on a limited time frame. But you have to consider carefully many factors. It would seem, consistent with the theory that the women stayed home and did not shop, that the images were constructed for men and the women illustrated are appearing as the men would want them to appear.
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