Question: Exactly when did the role of woman in society start to evolve

Answer: Women's role has always evolved, but it seems that for the last 2000 years society has been patriarchal. During the neolithic period society did not seem patriarchal and the worship of feminine deities must have been common. It was in the bronze age, that followed the neolithic, that the move to patriarchy was started. Some scholars have tied this move to the discovery of the role of men in the birth of children. But others have pointed to other causes such as the development of written language.

Question: what are the differences in ancient greek and roman statues o women? including size of women, portrayal of women, materieals used in creating the statues, and the inspiration for them

Answer: The Greek statues were inspired by their religious devotion and created to meet lofty ideals. Few other societies have achieved art with such purity of spirit, let alone the Romans. The Greeks were also remarkable in the emphasis placed on women, but it should be noted that they rarely portrayed contemporary women, but preferred to image divinities and mythological personages.

Question: who is leda?

Answer: The mother of Helen and wife of Tyndareus, king of Sparta. Zeus visited her in the form of a swan and raped her. Helen was born out of one of the eggs that resulted. She was also the mother of Clytemnestra by Tyndareus.

Question: Did Ancient greek women create works of art, music or poems?

Answer: Yes they did. The greatest of them, Sappho, has her own page. Click on the menu directory below then click on Sappho. Women did most of the weaving, also, though none of it remains. But weaving had its effect on the other arts, because clothes are imaged in sculptures and vase paintings. In fact greek garments set a standard for the depiction of drapery which is still in effect today.

Question: what were Greek views on adultery?

Answer: A woman should only have sex with her husband or a man her approves. A man could not have sex with another man's wife or marriageable daughters. He could not have sex with another man's slaves either but this was not adultery. He could have sex with other women unless it made his wife unhappy. Mainly he could have sex with hetaerae or prostitutes.

Question: how have women evolved from ancient greek times up to todays culture and ways

Answer: It is important to realize that women have not physically evolved at all. Culture has changed, but it has not necessarily improved. The nature of this change is too large a subject for this site because it involves an analysis of present culture.

Question: What did a woman who was an artistic patron do? How do they live and what did the wear?

Answer: In ancient Greece the majority of the patronage was done by priests and priestesses. These were among the elite of the Greek culture.

Question: Was there any type of role model for the women then?

Answer: One would expect the goddesses to serve as a role model. Certainly the priestesses would serve as role models.

Question: how do ancient greek women and present greek women differ ?

Answer: For almost 2000 years the Greek Orthodox religion has been the dominant religion in Greece.

Question: Who is Mother Goddess

Answer: A number of the goddesses can be associated with Mother Goddess: Rhea, Ge, Hera, Demeter, Athena, and Aphrodite.

Question: Is there a godess of poetry?

Answer: There are nine muses of poetry, all goddesses.

Question: where can I find about odin?

Answer: Odin is a Norse god. For example see: Click here

Question: What special problems are posed by the history of women in Ancient Greece?

Answer: Women did not write that much, and what was written was often later destroyed, so we are dependent upon men for their description.

Question: why was the Greek art an important part of the Greeks life?

Answer: Greek art was made for the peleasure of the deities.

Question: what entertainment was there in anicent athens

Answer: Festivals, weddings, symposia.

Question: Who was Phillida

Answer: A character in a poem by Nicholas Breton: Click here

Question: Did they get to go to plays?

Answer: In ancient Greece all plays and dramas were part of a religious festival for men only. Women had their own religious festivals.

Question: find Apollon

Answer: Apollon is French for Apollo.

Question: What kind of tests did the Spartans do when infants were born

Answer: They gave them a visual inspection to see if they were well-formed.

Question: how did greeks keep track of time?

Answer: They used the sun when it was available. If not they used a water clock to divide the daylight hours into 12 parts. Hours varied from season to season. Normally only reference to parts of the day were used. If time was important it would have been assigned to a priest to keep the time as a prietess kept the fires of Hestia burning eternally. This was the practice in Europe until recently. There churches were equipped with bells for the purpose of announcing the time, but there is no indication of a like practice in Ancient Greece.

Water clock

Question: what role did athenian women have in theatre? Could they even participate as spectators?

Answer: No role. They could be spectators but it was not proper.

Question: What were the greek women authors names

Answer:

• 3rd c. BCE Greece/Amyte/Poet and healer
• 5th c. BCE Greece/Cleobuline/Poet
• fl. 490 BCE Greece/Corinna of Tanagro/Poet
• 6th c. BCE Greece/Erinna/Poet
• fl. 600 BCE Greece/Megalostrata/Composer and poet
• 3rd c. BCE Greece/Moero of Byzantium/Poet
• 6th c. BCE Greece/Myrtis of Anthedon/Poet and Educator
• 8th c. BCE Greece/Neobule/Poet
• 8rd c. BCE Greece/Nossis/Lyric Poet
• fl. 450 BCE Greece/Praxilla/Lyric poet and Composer
• fl. 600 BCE Greece/Sappho/Lyric Poet

Question: what year was cave art out

Answer: Cave art started more than 25,000 years ago.

Question: about Eos

Answer: Eos was the Dawn Goddess. She was the daughter of Hyperion and Thia. "And Dawn fell in love with Orion and carried him off and brought him to Delos; for Aphrodite caused Dawn to be perpetually in love, because she had bedded with Ares." (Apollororus 1.4.4)

Pictures:

• Eos and Kephalos
• Eos and Tithonos
• Memnon and Eos
• Dawn goddess
• Eos

Question: who was spartacus

Answer: He was a Thracian gladiator who lead a slave revolt against Rome. He died in 71 BCE.

Question: How were womens rights in Greece differernt than women in Egypt?

Answer: Only the Roman women had rights.

Question: were there stunt women who danced on bull's horns? I think I saw something on that once, can't find it again.

Answer: You are referring to the bull-leaping ceromonies that were part of the Minoan Religion. Women might have done this but it seems more likely that they merely rode the bull, as Europa did.

Question: Were women allowed to enter the house at the front by using the same door as the men?

Answer: The bride went in that door but then she was never supposed to go out again.

Question: What were some of the important laws of ancient Greece?

Answer: Women could not vote but a citizen had to have both parents be a citizen.

Question: NEREIDS

Answer: These are ses Nymphs, the daughters of Nereus and Doris. Click on the Menu Directory below and then lists to see a list of many of them.

Question: Can you compare Oedipus to Agamemnon. To what degree is each of these characters responsible for their own destruction?

Answer: You really need to focus on the sources of your information. Compare Agamemnon by Aeschylus to Oedipus Rex by Sophocles. Ideas of responsibility vary greatly by author.

Question: Do you know where I could find information on the moon goddess Selene?

Answer:

The Titaness Selene is the Moon. An image of her and an informative web page is at: Click Here

Question: Why is there such an overpowering feminine presence in The Odyssey

Answer: The theory is that the Greek Society developed from a society where the main deities were goddesses.

Question: I need pictures of Aphrodite,Cupid and Zeus. I'm doing research

Answer: Perseus Project

Question: was cassandra the real goddess of love

Answer: Probably not, but it is true that mythical personalities sometimes merge and separate. Sometimes a story about one person turns up as about another with the names changed. At the moment I tend to feel the real goddess of love may be Europa. I have not thought about Cassandra in this vein that much yet.

Question: I need some reasons why the Greeks liked to paint about Mythology

Answer: To the Greeks it was not myth; it was religion. They felt that illustrating the old stories would help people get along and be pleasing to the deities. Most of the Greek art was motivated by their religion.

Question: "why were many different women connected through art?"

Answer: The Greeks had a humanistic tradition. The thought people and their interactions were important. They focused on illustrating activities of people, both men and women. The result is that the Greek art provides a rich history of these activities to the exclusion of self, landscapes, military escapades, fauna and flora, and many other traditional art subjects.

Question: "did women contribute a lot to art?"

Answer: Yes they did. Mostly the women of classical Greece were models of grace and beauty for the classical artists. But they also made significant contributions. Women did all the weaving and clothing arts. Women also became painters, sculptors, and poets.

Question: did greek women wear make-up? if yes, did they because of other reasons besides to look pretty?

Answer: Greek women wore make-up to look pretty during the classical period. During the neolithic peoriod women are believed to have worn make-up for religious and symbolic reasons.

Question: I read that the Greeks were big on drama...details on how so and how does that affect us in modern days?

Answer: Drama as we know it began as a part of a religious festival for men. The ancient Greeks wrote over 1000 plays, of which only 33 have survived. Of the ancient Greek authors Aeschylus, Aristophanes, Euripides, and Sophocles are consirered among the 100 most significant ever. Many of these plays are excellent even today.

Question: who was venus?

Answer: Venus was the Roman goddess of love equivalent to the Greek Aphrodite.

Question: Is it possible to judge what the life of a 5th Century Athenian women was like from the historical source material?

Answer: Not really. Very little historical material remains. Though ancient Greece produced some of the greatest of all historians, they were isolated from the women and focused on the affairs of men. Though there were women writers history has not been kind to them and their works were mostly lost or destroyed. Since they were prolific and talented artists, their art has faired better, but it must be interpreted and cannot be considered historical source material.

Question: whats the importance of women and children to the Greek culture and today?

Answer: Children are the promise of the future. Women bear and raise them.

Question: what was life like for greek women in 3 and 4 hundreds BC

Answer: Before 479 was the Archaic Age. The Classical Age extended from 479 BCE to 336 BCE. After that was the Hellenistic Age. The Classical Age in Greece was one of the most exciting times ever to live. Athens was especi ally exciting because of the level of art and culture in that city. Women did not partake in the excitement as much as men because they were often in their homes. But women were able to interact with the men and were able to participate. It was not that safe a time. Wars were almost constant and there was much loss of life. Public health was not that good and many were lost to disease. But Science and Literature developed rapidly and much progress was made in the understanding of these difficulties. Much of our comfort can be traced to these early efforts.

Question: Picture of pandora

Answer: Athena, Pandora, and Hepahestus

A web page about Pandora and a contemporary image of her is available at: Click Here

Answer: What is the relationship between visual art and sexual vales in Ancient Greece?

Answer: We assume there is a relation because there is a relation in our society. But their art was motivated by spiritual values while ours is often motivated by economics. In their case there is little beyond the art to study. Their art is what has been preserved. We do not have diaries, receipts, newspapers, letters, or any of the other myriad fragments of society that can be studied today.

Question: What major pieces of art really show the influences that women had on greek pottery and sculptures.

Answer: For sculpture the Nike of Samothrace and the Venus de Milo will work. Greek pottery is more difficult. But consider the following vase: Click here. The fact that there are more women than men on this piece seems to support a notion of influence. The fact that the women are gracious and beautiful also supports it.

Question: Were can I find a picture of the Greek Goddess Gaea

Answer: Gaea is the Roman goddess equivalent to the Greek goddess Gaia.

Pictures of Gaia to click on:

• Ge
• Ge , Erichthonios and Athena

Question: portrait

Answer: The ancient Greeks did not do portraits.

Question: In the subject of art and literature, what kind of interaction happened between the gods and the humans that lived in ancient greece??

Answer: All art and literature in ancient Greece was spiritually inspired and an attempt to appease the deities.

Question: What were the burial rites for the dead, and how did women fufill that role?

Answer: Click on the Menu directory below, then click on religion.

Question: i need pictures of greek women in general

Answer: All there are are the illustrations of myths. The Greeks made no illustrations of contremporary culture.

Question: what can the odyssey teach us about the feminine psyche

Answer: For western culture the Greek myths have become a part of our subconscious. Much of this material is feminine.

Question: Can I see a picture of a mans penis?

Answer: Men are often nude in Greek art as in the following picture of Hercules: Click here

Question: where is athena from

Answer: Athena was originally from the Sahara region of North Africa.

Question: were priestess ever used as healers? where can I look for more info?

Answer: Asclepius, the god of healing had five daughters: Aceso, Iaso, Panacea, Aglea, and Hygeia. You need to check out each of these daughters.

Question: i need more info about the "wounded amazon". where can i look for it?

Answer: Wounded Amazon, copies after originals known to have been created by Polykleitos and Phidias for competition won by Polykleitos in Ephesos

• Rome, Vatican Museums
• Metropolitan Museum, New York
• Polykleitos

Question: death song

Answer: I do not find and ancient Greek death songs.

Question: what would an athenian who joined lysistrata tell his husband who wanted her to break ranks and come home?

Answer: No.

Question: give me a picture of there homes in ancient Greece

Answer: People were all important and homes were simple. Ancient Greeks did not like pictures of their homes. The piece of house on the left in the following is all you will find: Click here

Question: WHAT DO ANCIENT GREEK SLAVES DO?

Answer: Mostly drudgery.

Question: Can you elaborate on how greek women were known to be great artists

Answer: The lietrary arts are less problematic than the visual. References to Sappho are plentiful. Sappho is sometimes referenced as the greatest poet of either sex. Other women poets are mentioned as well. But even though Judy Chicago lists a number of women visual artists of ancient Greece, I can find no references. In spite of this there are compelling reasons for including women amon the visual arts. The most important reason may be that the ancient Greeks thought their women were beautiful, and did make many works of art depicting them. You can credit the artists with the beauty of their representations, but you should also credit the source of their inspiration. Women were also the weaviers and clothiers and their work was also included in famous works of art. It is unfortunate that so little of this work remains.

Question: why can't i get a single bloody picture of a woman of ancient greece?

Answer: The ancient Greeks did not like to have images of their own society. Portraits of contemporaries were very rare. Since their motivation for art was religion, they preferred illustrations of myth. But they used their own people as models. The pictures of the deities are idealized images of their own people. You must reverse to process to get a picture of the society.

Question: marriage

Answer: Clik on the Menu Directory and then click on Weddings.

Question: what did architects, sculptors, and painters bring to the empire?

Answer: skills

Question: how did goddess hera get to become goddess?

Answer: She was born to this rank.

Question: Why were women considereed sub-serviant

Answer: Women were considered weaker and not made to strive with men. Also the child-bearing capacity of women was vital to the culture.

Question: Can you give me a detailed summary of the agon of The Frogs?by Aristophanies.

Answer: Click here

Question: What are the arguments for and against the views that all women in Athens were dominated by men? Using case studies (hopefully) of Lysias on the murder of Eratosthenes 6-33,47-50. A husbands defence Athens, ..c.400 bc. AND The case for the prosecution in a poisoning trial. Athensc420bc (antiphon prosecution of a stepmother 1-4, 14-20, 25-27. Tr. K. Freeman.G). AND Proof of marriage. Athens, 4thcent. bc (Isaeus 8.18-20.G). AND FINNALLY how to train a wife. Athens, 4TH CENT. bc (Xenophon on house hold management) (OECONOMICUS) 6.17-1013 Excrepts. G)

Answer: Why bother when Lysistrata proves that men are dominated by women?

Question: What did Plato thinkofwomen?

Answer: In the Laws III 694d he says " It would seem that he spent his life, from his youth, in perpetueal compaigning, and left the training of his sons to the women, who treated them from their childhood as blessed creatures and born favorites of fortune endowed with every advantage. They would allow no one to cross such vastly superior beings in anything, forced everyone to commend all their sayings and doings, and so turned them out what you might expect...Why the training one could look for when the children were left to the women of a royal harem, new to affluence and without a man to help them...."

Question: Appollo

Answer: Apollo is a Greek god not a goddess.

Question: how are the woman different from roman woman

Answer: The situation improved for women during the Roman period with some favorable laws passed and protection of women sponsored by the powerful wives of the Roman Emperors.

Question: who is dionysius

Answer: Dionysius, also called "The Elder" lived from 430? - 367 BCE was a Greek tyrant of Syracuse. He was proverbial for his cruelty. Dionysus was the Greek god of wine.

Question: Whers is your page for Arachne?

Answer: Arachne is not in a Greek myth. She is discussed by Ovid in his Metamorphosis

Question: I am doing a paper on how art in ancient greece portrayed the sexual values off that time. I also need a bit of background history of how this art cam to be.

Answer: Click on the Menu Directory below and then click on art.

Question: what is the key features of greek acking and drama

Answer: Greek acting and drama create the presence of the gods and goddesses before you.

Question: what was a disaster that happened in Ancient Greece?

Answer: There was a storm that attacked the Fleet on its return from the Trojan war and drowned about half the warriors. Nobody even wrote about the volcano that blew up on Thera about 1600 BCE and destroyed half of Crete.

Question: Where was Eurydice, wife of Creon, from?

Answer: I have no information on Eurydice, wife of Creon.

Question: differences between women in the hellenistic style and neo-classical style

Answer: See for yourself:

Venus de Milo

Ingre's La Source

Note that it is the Venus de Milo which is taken as the archetype of feminine beauty and not Ingres' La Source. Ingre taught that drawing should be true to life, but his painting is very idealized. Compare this painting to the many studio drawings of nudes which Ingre produced.

Question: Were women in ancient Greece second class citizens and if so how?

Answer: The miracle is that there were any citizens with rights at all. The fact that they were not women is disapointing. Formally they were second-class but informally they were well off. Women in ancient Greece segregated themselves to avoid male harasment and rape. They also freed themselves of many taboos and rituals that were common in other countries. Those that were suited to the role of child-rearing did quite well. The ones that suffered were the others, and the slaves and other women who did the drudgery and hard work.

Question: Dous god exsist

Answer: The more pertinent question for this web site is do gods and goddesses exist. The ancient Greeks before the end of the Classical period had no doubt that they did and worshiped them because they thought it was necessary. Toward the end of the classical period philosophers such as Plato and Aristotle started to question the nature of the Greek gods and goddesses. By 125 AD and well into the Roman period few in Greece thought that the worship of the Greek deities was necessary. But the experience of the Greeks was not lost. Many of the Greek deities became angels and many of the Greek ceremonies became Christian ceremonies. The Greek philosophers started a line of reasoning which has been very important to Christianity. A number of Christians have even provided logical proofs for the existence of God.

Question: why did they were veils when going outside?

Answer: When Hera wished to take advantage of Zeus through his lust for her "She put on the wondrous robe which Minerva had worked for her with consummate art, and had embroidered with manifold devices; she fastened it about her bosom with golden clasps, and she girded herself with a girdle that had a hundred tassels: then she fastened her earrings, three brilliant pendants that glistened most beautifully, through the pierced lobes of her ears, and threw a lovely new veil over her head." (Iliad, Book XIV)

Hecuba may have worn a veil outside because: "Thus was the head of Hector being dishonoured in the dust. His mother tore her hair, and flung her veil from her with a loud cry as she looked upon her son." (Iliad, Book XXII)

Veils were also used as a part of wedding ceremonies: "When she reached the battlements and the crowd of people, she stood looking out upon the wall, and saw Hector being borne away in front of the city- the horses dragging him without heed or care over the ground towards the ships of the Achaeans. Her eyes were then shrouded as with the darkness of night and she fell fainting backwards. She tore the tiring from her head and flung it from her, the frontlet and net with its plaited band, and the veil which golden Venus had given her on the day when Hector took her with him from the house of Eetion, after having given countless gifts of wooing for her sake." (Iliad, Book XXII)

Veils can set a mood: "The goddess took her dark veil, than which there can be no robe more sombre, and went forth with fleet Iris leading the way before her." (Iliad, Book XXIV)

In the Odyssey Calypso also seems to wear a veil outside: "So soon as early Dawn shone forth, the rosy-fingered, anon Odysseus put on him a mantle and doublet, and the nymph clad her in a great shining robe, light of woof and gracious, and about her waist she cast a fair golden girdle, and a veil withal upon her head." (Odyssey, Book III)

The nymph Ino provides Odysseus with an imperishable veil to protect him: "Here, take this veil imperishable and wind it about thy breast; so is there no fear that thou suffer aught or perish. But when thou hast laid hold of the mainland with thy hands, loose it from off thee and cast it into the wine-dark deep far from the land, and thyself turn away." (Odyssey, Book III)

Circe also seems to wear a veil outside: "Then she put on me a mantle and a doublet for raiment, and the nymph clad herself in a great shining robe, light of woof and gracious, and about her waist she cast a fair golden girdle, and put a veil upon her head." (Odyssey, Book X)

The veil of Ino is most suggestive because it has a protective power. The suggestion is that it is warding off something while still allowing a view. Since brides wear it the warding off probably relates to their ability to have children. Women originally wore veils for the warding off reason and then discovered that men were attracted by the gauzy look. This caused them to wear them for seduction as Hera did.

Question: I am suppose to ananlyze a vase with a picture of a women spinning wool. Why is the woman depicted on a piece of pottery, and how does this exemplify the values and roles of Athenian women?

Answer: That wool working is honest women's work suitable even for queen's is evident from the following passages: Homer, Iliad, Book XII: "...and as some honest hard-working woman weighs wool in her balance and sees that the scales be true, for she would gain some pitiful earnings for her little ones,..." Homer, Odyssey, Book XVIII: Odysseus says to the maids of Penelope: "Ye maidens of Odysseus, the lord so long afar, get ye into the chambers where the honoured queen abides, and twist the yarn at her side, and gladden her heart as ye sit in the chamber, or card the wools with your hands;..."

Homer, Odyssey, Book XXII: Eurycleia tells Odysseus: "Thou hast fifty women-servants in thy halls, that we have taught the ways of housewifery, how to card wool and to bear bondage."

But perhaps more important is the relation of the Fates to weaving: Homer, Odyssey, Book VII: "...but thereafter he shall endure such things as Fate and the stern spinning women drew off the spindles for him at his birth when his mother bare him." The primary motivation for Greek art is religion and the primary reason for including women in art is the fact that the goddesses might be pleased. That the fates are women weavers suggest that they might be pleased with pictures of women weaving. Examples of suitable vase illustrations follow:

women working wool

women preparing wool

Question: I have to do a paper comparing Greek, Roman and Medieval art, any suggestions?

Answer: Many of the Greek deities with wings turned into angels.

Question: Waht kind of toys did children in ancient greece play with?

Answer: Dolls, hoops, and balls.

Question: Do you have any info on the greek goddess Niode

Answer: Niobe was not a goddess but a mortal woman with 12 beautiful children. She bragged to Leto that she had twelve but Leto only had two an Leto had her children Apollo and Artemis kill the twelve of Niobe.

Question: What does Lysistrata represents for the Greek society and what is her importance?

Answer: She was focusing on a key weakness of the society. She was a social critic at a time when criticism was vital. She has inspired other women to take action.

Question: I have to write a lengthy report on women in mythology. Some of the ways I was going to go with it were...compare/contrast of regular women and goddesses...how Greek and Roman women differed....how normal women and goddesses were viewed (were either equal to the other sex)...if gods got away with more immoral things than the goddesses...what stories(if any) are good examples of any of these instances? And what other aspects should I explore. I can make the topic into just about anything and go any way I want with it, what do you suggest? Thank you so much! By the way, your website is amazing, it is exremely informative and you have unbeleivable patience!

Answer: Focus on one character, Medea. Try to determine if she was a historical character, a mythological mortal, or a goddess. If she was not a goddess where did she get her powers? If she was a goddess why did she have to struggle so hard? What kind of real person might have started those stories that collected around her name?

Question: Mother holding child in one hand and holding a hammer in the other hand

Answer: I have no information on this.

Question: compare Medea and Clytemnestra

Answer: See: Click here

Question: In the culture portrayed in Homer's works what do you think the women's role was?

Answer: The amazing thing about Homer's work is the breadth and diversity of the role of women.

Question: what is Apollos Symbol

Answer: A lyre.

Question: is there any art from the fourth cent. that has all six goddesses pictured together

Answer: Wedding scenes often show lots of goddesses for example: Click here from 350 BCE.

Question: Are there any pictures of sculptors i can print?

Answer: Portraits of contemporaries by ancient Greek artists are very rare and I know of no sculptors.

Question: did the atehenian democracy consider women to be political equals

Answer: No. The men did the politics for the women.

Question: how important were the women influencing athenian art and literature.

Answer: They were very important. Even in the drama, which was for men only, women were frequently and respectfully portrayed.

Question: what web site can i go to get pictures of the Odyssey and the Iliad? I have a project due tom. pls. help!!!!!

Answer: Perseus

Question: tell me about the por the ritch and prostitutes women in ancent greece

Answer: Sadly a female slave could be forced into prostitution by her master or mistress. Slaves could also literally be sex slaves. If a prostitute achieved a degree of wealth she could purchase her own freedom. She would no longer be a prostititute but would be called a hetaera. A good hetaera was able to perform other services besides sex, though. Often she could sing and dance, or even converse intelligently. Usually hetaeras were specially trained and did not raise up from prostitution.

Question: Did families have a certain number of children they could have?

Answer: No. They had as many as possible.

Question: As a student of the arts, I have read about Isadora Duncan's great interest and in depth study of the art of the ancient Greeks in order to give foundation to the style of her unique art that forever changed the way society looks at dance. I am curious if your studies took you to her school of thought and if so, what you might have to say about your findings and feelings. I find her art important to even more than she has already touched and happened onto your article only by chance. I find this chance is of some importance and enjoyed your article. Thank you.

Answer: Isadora Duncan (1878-1927) lived at a time when women were just beginning to be educated and Greek culture was a primary content of that education. It would not be surprising that she was strongly influenced by the art of the Greeks. I have just been thinking of how the play Lysistrata might be staged and hit upon the idea of using a dancer with Isadora's style to star in this production in a non-speaking role.

Question: Im doing a paper on comparing and contrasting women in at least 2 different cultures in world mythology, one in which Im intrested in is Greek mythogoly, what other mythology would you suggest that would offer the greatest contrast towards that? And in what direction should I take with it?

Answer: You could compare classical Greek mythology to Mycenaean or Minoan Mythology to study the development of myth. Or you could compare the corn goddess of the Mayan peoples with Demeter of the Greeks. The notion of sacrifice differed greatly between these. You might also look at some of the North African myths to see if there are goddesses of war like Athena who came from North Africa.

Question: what do you think about Kate in Taming of the Shrew oposed to Medea and the role of Women

Answer: Kate was a shrew that needed taming. Medea did not need taming. Mostly she was helping other people out. But Jason got greedy and thankless so Medea sought vengeance.

Question: Who made clothes?

Answer: Women made all the clothes.

Question: Did flowers ever play a role in the worship of the goddess Persephone?

Answer: Yes, and the crocus was particularly important.

Question: WERE THERE ANY ATROCITYS COMMITED AGAINST ANCIENT GREEK WOMEN?

Answer: The following atrocities are documented in Greek myth:

• Medusa was raped by Poseidon in the temple of Athena.
• Cassandra was raped by Ajax while she clung to a statue of Athena.
• The body of Penthesilia was violated by Achilles after he killed her.
• Polyxena was sacrificed on the tomb of Achilles.
• The enslaved Cassandra was murdered by Clytemnestra.

Question: Is there any interesting information about the Aphrodite of Kanidos, such as why she was created and what deveopments in Greecian arts does she reveal?

Answer: You are referring to the Cnidian Aphrodite that Praxitiles carved. She is also refered to as the Aphrodite of Cnidus (Knidos), and the Venus of Cnidos. Only Roman copies of this statue exist with the formost in the Vatican where it has beed called the Standing Venus, the Venus emerging from the bath, and the pudic Venus. More information on this statue can be found in the section on Aphrodite by clickin on the Menu Directory below.

Question: why did not the athenian democracy consider women to be political equals?

Answer: The people of Athens thought women should stay home and take care of the home and have babies, while the men should do all the work outside of the home.

In addition many hetaera were skilled at music.

Question: where can we find information on Eris/goddess of discord and where can we find pictures of her?

Eris, the goddess of discord. Eris is the goddess of strife and the sister of Ares. It is she who threw the golden apple with the words 'for the fairest' that caused the three goddesses Athena, Aphrodite, and Hera to contend for the apple. Paris did the judging and Aphrodite bribed him with Helen. He ran away with Helen and this started the Trojan War.

Of Eris Hesiod says only "On a fifth day, they say, the Erinyes assisted at the birth of Horcus (Oath) whom Eris (Strife) bare to trouble the forsworn."

Eris to right of charioteer

Question: why is Penelopes weaving of the shroud important in the Odyssey?

Answer: It demonstrates her ability to manipulate men.

Question: Re their any interesting facts about Charybdis?

Answer: Homer says (Odyssey, Book XII): "And thereon is a great fig-tree growing, in fullest leaf, and beneath it mighty Charybdis sucks down black water, for thrice a day she spouts it forth, and thrice a day she sucks it down in terrible wise. Never mayest thou be there when she sucks the water, for none might save thee then from thy bane, not even the Earth-Shaker!

Charybdis

What Homer has described is a periodic whirlpool formed by an underground cavern, that is alternately activated by the earth's tides.

Question: Where can I find a picture of Cumean Sybil? (Please answer this ASAP) =D

Answer: Click here

Question: why did not the athenian democracy consider women to be political equals?

Answer: The people of Athens thought women should stay home and take care of the home and have babies, while the men should do all the work outside of the home.

Question: How costume reflected how women were treared

Answer: Clothes and their value are a measure of respect and social value. In many societies the status of women is determined by the value of jewelry that they wear. Notice in the following images that the richness of the clothes closely resembles the status of the goddesses:

• Hera
• Athena
• Female torchbearer
• Water carrier
• gift-box carrier

Though in this series, it is Zeus in the throne, still the women are well-dressed compared to Zeus.

Question: how are women in ancient Greek different from women today?

Answer: The culture of ancient Greece was one of the the highest ever achieved, though the men seem to have participated more than the women. The women were somewhat separated but they had many of their own events. Most of their time was taken up by housework. The representation of women in art suggests they participated fully. And though women did not receive a formal education, many did receive an effective one.

Women today are better educated, and better represented because they have the the right to vote. They get better medical care and more choice in their employment and their family. But they are not necessarily better off. War and environmental destruction have been difficult to live with. Better media and transportation makes many women more desirous of things they cannot afford.

Question: What does the symbol "labris" actully look like?

Answer: Click here

Question: what was greece like in the beginning

Answer: (ll. 36-52) Come thou, let us begin with the Muses who gladden the great spirit of their father Zeus in Olympus with their songs, telling of things that are and that shall be and that were aforetime with consenting voice. Unwearying flows the sweet sound from their lips, and the house of their father Zeus the loud-thunderer is glad at the lily-like voice of the goddesses as it spread abroad, and the peaks of snowy Olympus resound, and the homes of the immortals. And they uttering their immortal voice, celebrate in song first of all the reverend race of the gods from the beginning, those whom Earth and wide Heaven begot, and the gods sprung of these, givers of good things. Then, next, the goddesses sing of Zeus, the father of gods and men, as they begin and end their strain, how much he is the most excellent among the gods and supreme in power. And again, they chant the race of men and strong giants, and gladden the heart of Zeus within Olympus, -- the Olympian Muses, daughters of Zeus the aegis-holder. (Hesiod, The Theogony)

Question: who is themis (goddess of justice)

Answer: Click on the Menu Directory below then click on Themis.

Question: I am wondering what type of domestic female scenes (basket carrying, weaving etc.) are portrayed in Greek pottery of the classical period, and when it does appear, what is it typically in relation to.

Answer: Such scenes do exist but they are fairly infrequent. Here are some examples:

• Seated woman with wool basket
• Standing woman and wool
• Woman seated at her toilet with four women
• Woman with basket

Question: In what way did Greeek art in the Archaic period to Hellenistic period reflect the Women?

Answer: Women were a common subject sensitively portrayed.

Question: Hi, I need to write a paper on Women in Greek art from the Archaic period to the hellenistic period and I need to five four or five works, can u suggest any? One of the ones i picked was The Stele of Hegeso..any other suggestions? I thought i'd say the the Stele of Hegeso shows women in the classical age where women had little power and lived by a mans name..etc..but i need more works.. also I was thinking of using Aphrodite as a work..but i don't know... i'm kindof stuck, can you help pls!! This research paper is due soon! thanx!

Answer: What you need to do is trace a theme though time. The Judgement of Paris is a theme that has been repeatedly portrayed and might be a good theme. The Stele of Hegeso is illustrated as follows: Click here or here. The description of this piece is: "A girl (servant) standing in a relaxed pose to the right, wearing slippers, a long, unbelted tunic, with long sleeves, and her hair bound in a sakkos, holds an opened box on the knees of a mature woman, seated profile to the left, on a klismos. Her sandalled feet rest on a footstool. Her himation, which is veiled over her head, and bunched in her lap, mostly covers her undergarment (chiton). She holds the box with one hand, and raises her right hand slightly, presumably holding a beloved jewel, at which she gazes." Now you must consider the theme to investigate: girls, seated women, chairs, sandalled feet, clothes, boxes, or perhaps jewelry. The drapery also seems important here. Now find four other pieces with the same theme. Here are some other statues of girls:

• Mourning servant girl
• Fragment of a young girl
• Stele with young seated firl
• Girl with offering

Question: Was there any women that were citizens or held high possitions?

Answer: Women were excluded from politics in classical Greece. Helen, Penelope, and Clytemnestra were all queens in the Mycenaean culture and Pasiphae was queen in the Minoan culture. Hera, Athena, Aphrodite, and Atremis were all goddesses who ruled their own domains.

Question: Hecuba

Awswer: Hecuba was Queen of Troy during the Trojan war. She and King Priam had many children, but she lived to see her husband and sons killed during that war. She also saw her daughters raped, sacrificed, and taken into slavery. She is a character in the Iliad, The Trojan Women, and other works including Hecuba by Euripides.

Question: what was homer's view on women?

Answer: Homer felt women were important and should be included in any good tale.

Question: whats Aphrodite's weaknesses

Answer: The virgin goddesses knew her weaknesses. Artemis used the ignorance of youth. Athena used wisdom. Hestia used the shelter of the family.

Question: who is the greek goddess of strife

Answer: Eris

Question: Where can I find a picture of Scylla from The Odyssey?

Answer:

• Scylla mosaic
• Corinthian helmet adorned with Scylla
• Attic helmet adorned with Scylla
• Corinthian helmet adorned with Scylla
• Europa, bull, and Scylla

Question: Why did it take so ling for women to be reconzied in ancient Greek?

Answer: Women were recognized for their ability to have sex and make babies. But the men did not realize that they needed to be educated to do this job well. Plato makes the observation that women make poor teachers. Of course this was because they had no education, but he does not realize this. The further isolation of women had some benefits. Rapes and adultery were much decreased and much less time was spent enforcing taboos. But women were isolated from society and gained a poor understanding of it. The time a child spends with a mother during the first 5 years of life is vital for setting habits and attitudes later in life. The more a mother understands about the expectations of her child later in life the better the child will benefit during the first 5 years.

The Greeks also made the mistake of thinking that since raising children were vital to the community that every women should be expected to do this. The fact is that many women are unsuited to do this. They are too young, too old, physically unable, psychologically unsuited, etc. These women should be integrated into the community as well so their talents are not wasted. Typically they need to be trained to work so they can contribute an support themselves. The only work women were trained to do was entertaining. Though some women do well in this area, there are many other areas where they can contribute.

Question: I would like to know with your advice with reference to appropriate examples, which period of art is the most appealing, archaic or classical?

Answer: I like puzzles and the archaic art has more puzzles, but the classical art has been more influential. The most influential art object of all time is probably Praxiteles Aphrodite of Cnidos. But the mystery of the Minotaur has caught my attention at the moment. The challenge is to make real sense of it.

Question: What has any of this information got to do with art? The word art is only mentioned in the title, this is hardly sutiable information needed to know about womens roles in ancient greek art is it?

Answer: The vast majority of information about any aspect of Greek culture comes to us from the art of ancient Greece. What is amazing is that so much of that art is devoted to women. Because of this women contributed enormously to ancient Greek art, but the contribution is very complex. As a result the study of ancient Greek women involves the study of ancient Greek art which involves the study of ancient Greek women, and so on.

Question: Where does Athena come from?

Answer: Tunisia in North Africa.

Question: any info on greek vases?

Answer: Rules for art on pottery are determined by the chemistry of the process involved. This process changes as new techniques are developed. The ancient Greeks were very successful both in their use of technique, and in the development of new processes. The best approach is to look at an individual art style during a particular period.

The main pottery styles are:

• Early Bronze Age
• Middle Bronze Age
• Late Bronze Age
• Geometric
• Orientalizing
• Black-Figure Vases
• Red-Figure Vases
• White-Ground
• Hellenistic
• Everyday Pots

Question: What are the roles of women in the Aenied

Answer: The Aenead is a Roman and not a Greek work

Question: what where some of the women artist of ancient greece names

• 5th c. BCE Greece/Anasandra/Painter
• 5th c. BCE Greece/Cresilla/Sculptor
• 5th c. BCE Greece/Helena/Painter
• 7th c. BCE Greece/Kora/Artist
• 4th c. BCE Greece/Lalla/Artist
• fl. 800 BCE Greece/Timarete/Painter

There are also famous women musicians and poets.

Question: Where can I find pictures of Ancient Greek houses

Answer:

• inside
• Click here
• The drawing of a house from Pompeii during the Roman period fits the description of a Greek house fairly well: Click here. This house seems to have three courtyards.
• Porch

Question: the place of women ın ancıent Greek and theır place ın Athenian politics espscially

Answer: Women were excluded from politics but held an important place in Greek society.

Question: WHAT WAS THERE POSITION IN THE GOVERMENT

Answer: Aspasia was an advisor but they were excluded from government.

Question: daphne

Answer: Daphne is mentioned by Pausanius as being loved by Leucippus and by Apollo. Daphne is not mentioned by Hesiod or Homer. The Roman author Ovid writes more about Daphne in his Metamorphosis

Question: What was aphrodites role in art and how has it changed over time

Answer: Originally art depicting Aphrodite was for religious purposes. But with the sculpture of Aphrodite nude by Praxiteles, the art of Aphrodite turned to mundane and even erotic purposes. This has agravated some of the status problems of women. Clothes are a sign of status, and when you remove clothes status is removed. Aphrodite without clothes is an erotic woman without status. This, unfortunately, reinforces the notion of a woman as a sex object.

Question: Why were there no female heros in Ancient Greece Fri, 17 Nov 2000 20:24:22 -0500 (EST)

Answer: There are many female heroes in Ancient Greece during the Age of Heroes:

• Ariadne-Moon Goddess, Queen, daughter of Minos, king of Crete
• Antigone-The daughter of Oedipus
• Atalanta-The hunter and athlete
• Cassandra-Daughter of Priam, king of Troy, and mistress of Agamemnon
• Clytemnestra-Wife of Agamemnon and Queen of Mycenae
• Electra-Daughter of Agamemnon, king of Mycenae
• Helen-The face that launched a thousand ships
• Hippolyte-Queen of the Amazons
• Lampedo-Queen of the Amazons
• Medea-Sorceress
• Martesia-Queen of the Amazons
• Medusa-Amazon leader

Question: Is there any information on how pottery could relate to the comedy "Lysistrat" by Aristophane? Fri, 17 Nov 2000 20:56:10 -0500 (EST)

Answer: Women were not involved in the manufacture or decoration of pottery but they were much involved with its daily use. In their daily lives women carried water, washed, cooked, and stored things all in pottery pots. Some of their weaving tools were also made of pottery. Since pottery was so much involved with the daily lives of women you would expect it to be in a play like Lysistrata that involves women.

Question: do you have any mosaics on dolphins or fish?

Answer: Click here

Question: What were the roles of women in the Aeneid?

Answer: The Aeneid was written by Vergil, an Roman, and out of the scope of this site.

Question: Why are the nude female figurines important in Greek sculpture?

Answer: They were beautiful and sexy.

Question: what is the name of the thunder god

Answer: Zeus.

Question: Hi, recently i asked about women from Archaic to Hellenistic period and i told u i was using Stele of Hegeso as one of my works for the Classical period...which works can I use for the Hellenistic period? I used the Peplos Kore for the Archaic period and compared her to a male statue of that period, but i'm stuck and don't know which work to use for Hellenistic period, i think one or two would be enough. I have to show the developpment of the women form in Greek scultpure. This research paper is due tomorrow, can u pls help me? and thanx for the previous info, it was really helpful. (I hope i'll get a reply today...please..i'm desperate to finish on time). thanx once again! :o)

Answer: Any statue of a goddess will work, even the Venus de Milo.

Question: Praxiteles

Answer: Praxiteles was one of the most famous and influential Athenian sculptors who lived around 370 to 340 BCE. He was the first to carve a naked goddess and his "Aphrodite of Cnidus" was much copied.

Question: What were goddesses?

Answer: Female gods.

Question: Greek depictions of the female characters in The Odyssey tell us something about Greek society. How do you think the conlcusions we can draw about society from the art compare to the conclusions we draw from Homer's work? Also, why do you think some of the depictions of The Odyssey's female characters in art are different from how Homer described them?

Answer: Homer was describing the Mycenaean culture of 1200 BCE. We have very little art from that period and no art that illustrates Homer. The illustrators of Homer came much later and used contemporary women as models.

Question: when the slave women were sent to colonies-mainly magna graecia- were they then comsidered free? or were they still slaves?

Answer: Slaves.

Question: I think your whole website is cool but How did you get all this information?I read greek myths before I go to bed foe a year and I still don't know as much as you!

Answer:

• I use good resources (Click on the menu directory below then click on bubliography).
• I know how to use the computer to build a good database.
• I know how to search the Internet.
• I have been studying myths much longer than you have.
• I studied useful subjects in school like math, science, and philosophy.

Question: the winged victory

Answer: Click on the menu directory below then click on Nike.

Question: can you give examples fro the role of women useing Oedipus the King. Antigone, Medea

Answer: This is an easy assignment when you read the plays.

Question: war

Answer: The Greeks fought many wars, both internal conflicts and external ones against foreign invaders. They were defeated by the Macedonians under Alexander in 335 BCE and became a Roman province in 148 BCE. Mars was the god of war but Athena was the goddess of victory in war.

Question: are greek wemen vergens

Answer: To the Greeks any unmarried woman was a virgin. Artemis tried to protect the young women so they were chaste when they married. To them this meant that they had not become pregnant.

Question: What is belief called when a person worships more than one god/goddess?

Answer: Polytheism

Question: what kind of role did the greek women play in athletics?

Answer: They encouraged and sustained it.

Question: who rallied Greek women to without sex until war stopped

Answer: The leading character in Lysistrata by Aristophanes.

Question: what was the symbolism of the depiction of women

Answer: The classical Greeks depicted women in respectful, sympathetic ways, but they also depicted a rich variety of activities.

Question: Was Ancient Greek Hospitality important)

Answer: Yes it was. They believed the when a deity visited they would do it in the guise of a stranger. If you mistreated a stranger, you might be mistreating a deity.

Question: What are the differences between the women in Greek society and Women in the patriarchal societ?

Answer: Classical Greece was a fairly patriarchal society, while Greece during the bronze age was not.

Question: I HAVE ONLY FOUND ONE PICTURE OF RHEA AND FOUND ONE OTHER THE REST I CANT PRINT RE THERE ANY THAT YOU CAN PRINT OUT

Answer: Search for Cybebe, Cybele, Great Mother and you will find more pictures.

• Click here
• Click here
• Click here

Question: With duis the grece theater is stan today?

Answer: Today the Greek theater is both educational and entertaining. It often serves as a model for what great theater should be.

Question: were women important?

Answer: They were very important.

Question: women as objects in art

Answer: The ancient Greeks included many images of handsome women in their art. The women are treated respectfully and, in many cases, as the important images. This contrasts with the literature of the time which often demeans the women of the time. The reason for this contrast is the subject of much debate.

Question: Phryne

Answer: Phryne was a famous hetaera that posed for Praxiteles when he sculpted his famous Aphrodite statue.

Question: Did women have to take an oath when they got married, if so what was it?

Answer: No such oath is known, yet Pythagoreans may have required an oath of the husband to the effect that he was not to harm his wife but he must treat her as a suppliant raised from the hearth. (Hawley, 115)

Question: Why were women treated so badly

Answer: A more truthful statement is that they were treated differently. One problem it that life was more challenging, and everyone had to work very hard. Many people were treated badly for this reason. Women were treated badly by our standards, but they understood the demands and they accepted them. Things were a lot worse elsewhere. The isolation of women, which we deplore, protected them from other kinds of bad treatment.

Question: How does the treatment/role of women in the odyssey compare to it in modern society

Answer: There is a large difference between the role of women in the Odyssey and the role of women in classical Greece. There is an even larger difference between the times of the Odyssey and now. But many of the differences are subtle. One problem is that the classical authors tended to ignore the differences and we know that much less about them. For example, from archeological evidence it has been concluded that the women of the Odyssey were completely dominated by their religion. The classical women were much less dominated. But the classical authors treated the women of the time of Odyssey as though they worshipped in the same way as the classical women. Property was based on a matrilineal relationship at the time of the Odyssey, but by the classical period all property was patriarchal.

Today women can vote and receive an education. They can own property an they are free to travel. Today they have rights to life, libety, and the pursuit of happiness, while during the heroic times they had none of these things. Many women were slaves while today slavery is illegal. Most women in the U.S. have healthcare, good water, and sewage treatment, which the modern woman considers a necettity. Very little was available during the heroic period.

Question: do you have any pictures of woman athletes from ancient time??

Answer: The book by Mark Golden has a picture of an ancient female athlete on page 130. Click on the menu directory below and click on bibliography.

Question: Did the children have labors?

Answer: When children could work they ceased being children. Children grew up very fast in ancient Greece.

Question: was there a conflicted between womens' portrayal in art and their role in society in 5th century athens?

Answer: Yes there was. Women were illustrated as important and significant but they were described as being secluded and unimportant.

Question: were they happy people?

Answer: They had much to be happy about.

Question: Do you have any or know of any place where I can find ancient grecian costumes? thanks!

Answer: Links:

• Click here
• Click here We made our own costumes for our Medea production:
• Click here But the leading lady had her mother make hers:
• Click here

Question: What is the symbol that best symbolizes Athena?

Answer: An owl.

Question: A picture of an ancient Athenian woman

Answer: Praxiteles used Phryne, an Athenian woman, as a model for his famous sculpture of Aphrodite.

Question: does homer see helen as a fallen women in the iliad.did such a women exist and did she actually cause the war

Answer: Helen was not a fallen women, but she was regretful. The ancient Greeks thought she actually existed and caused a war. Archeologists have found evidence of a war but not Helen.

Question: what.did.womenmainly.do.in.the.archaic.period ()

Answer: The wives had babies and took care of the house. The women slaves helped with this work.

Question: what role did women mainly play in the archaic period? the classical period?

Answer: The main difference in the role of women from the archaic period to the classic period is that during the classic period their role was very formal, while during the archaic period it was more flexible. But if you go back just a little bit to the heroic period, the difference is very dramatic.

Question: Do you have any vases?

Answer: I have vses, but none from ancient Greece. But I do have infomation about Greek vases, and I have pictures of them.

Question: women.in.armour

Answer: Amazons are often depected in armour. Goddesses are also depicted in armour.

Question: What were Ancient Greek drama masks made out of?

Answer: Wood or clay.

Question: What did the job of clothing maker consist of in Greece from 500 - 250 BC?

Answer: Spinning, dying, weaving, and sewing. Almost everything was made from rectangles of material.

Question: Did women have any power? why?

Answer: Women obtained most of the power they wanted from their husbands. Problems occurred when the husbands were unreasonable and unsympathetic.

Question: What was the role of the Guardian Sphinx (Greek Attic, Ca. 530BC) and what was the myth behind this creature

Answer: The following quote from Apollodorus is excellent: " Laius was buried by Damasistratus, king of Plataea, and Creon, son of Menoeceus, succeeded to the kingdom. In his reign a heavy calamity befell Thebes. For Hera sent the Sphinx, whose mother was Echidna and her father Typhon; and she had the face of a woman, the breast and feet and tail of a lion, and the wings of a bird. And having learned a riddle from the Muses, she sat on Mount Phicium, and propounded it to the Thebans. And the riddle was this:-- What is that which has one voice and yet becomes four-footed [p. 349] and two-footed and three-footed? Now the Thebans were in possession of an oracle which declared that they should be rid of the Sphinx whenever they had read her riddle; so they often met and discussed the answer, and when they could not find it the Sphinx used to snatch away one of them and gobble him up. When many had perished, and last of all Creon's son Haemon, Creon made proclamation that to him who should read the riddle he would give both the kingdom and the wife of Laius. On hearing that, Oedipus found the solution, declaring that the riddle of the Sphinx referred to man; for as a babe he is four-footed, going on four limbs, as an adult he is two-footed, and as an old man he gets besides a third support in a staff. So the Sphinx threw herself from the citadel, and Oedipus both succeeded to the kingdom and unwittingly married his mother, and begat sons by her, Polynices and Eteocles, and daughters, Ismene and Antigone. But some say the children were borne to him by Eurygania, daughter of Hyperphas." Click Here

Question: when did women start playing sport?

Answer: The following quote from the Odyssey, Book VI suggests an early time for sport: "Then having bathed and anointed them well with olive oil, they took their mid-day meal on the river's banks, waiting till the clothes should dry in the brightness of the sun. Anon, when they were satisfied with food, the maidens and the princess, they fell to playing at ball, casting away their tires, and among them Nausicaa of the white arms began the song."

The following fragment of Hesiod describes the sporting contest of Atalanta which occured before the Trojan war: "Papiri greci e latini, ii. No. 130 (2nd-3rd century) (11): (ll. 1-7) `Then straightway there rose up against him the trim- ankled maiden (Atalanta), peerless in beauty: a great throng stood round about her as she gazed fiercely, and wonder held all men as they looked upon her. As she moved, the breath of the west wind stirred the shining garment about her tender bosom; but Hippomenes stood where he was: and much people was gathered together. All these kept silence; but Schoeneus cried and said:

(ll. 8-20) `"Hear me all, both young and old, while I speak as my spirit within my breast bids me. Hippomenes seeks my coy-eyed daughter to wife; but let him now hear my wholesome speech. He shall not win her without contest; yet, if he be victorious and escape death, and if the deathless gods who dwell on Olympus grant him to win renown, verily he shall return to his dear native land, and I will give him my dear child and strong, swift- footed horses besides which he shall lead home to be cherished possessions; and may he rejoice in heart possessing these, and ever remember with gladness the painful contest. May the father of men and of gods (grant that splendid children may be born to him)' (12)

((LACUNA))

(ll. 21-27) `on the right.... and he, rushing upon her,.... drawing back slightly towards the left. And on them was laid an unenviable struggle: for she, even fair, swift-footed Atalanta, ran scorning the gifts of golden Aphrodite; but with him the race was for his life, either to find his doom, or to escape it. Therefore with thoughts of guile he said to her:

(ll. 28-29) `"O daughter of Schoeneus, pitiless in heart, receive these glorious gifts of the goddess, golden Aphrodite...'

((LACUNA))

(ll. 30-36) `But he, following lightly on his feet, cast the^M first apple (13): and, swiftly as a Harpy, she turned back and snatched it. Then he cast the second to the ground with his hand. And now fair, swift-footed Atalanta had two apples and was near the goal; but Hippomenes cast the third apple to the ground, and therewith escaped death and black fate. And he stood panting and...'"

Question: what metal were the first coins made from mixture of gold and silver

Answer: according to Adkins and Adkins: "The first coins were minted in Lydia from the mid-7th century BCE and were flat pebble-shapped staters of electrum (a gold and silver alloy)." (p191)

Question: What was Amphidromia?

Answer: Click on the Menu Directory below then click on Festivals.

Click Here for Menu Directory